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化合物简介
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug. Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world. There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine. The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine. Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.
基本信息
CAS:58-08-2
中文别名:1,3,7-三甲基黄嘌呤;无水咖啡碱;茶素;咖啡碱;茶精;
英文别名:1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-;Stim;No-Doz;trimethylxanthine;CAFFEIN;Miudol;3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione;Theine;Kofein;tirend;COFFEIN;THEIN;1,3,7-trimethylxanthine;Nodaca;
分子式:C8H10N4O2
分子量:194.191
精确质量:194.08
Psa:61.82
Logp:-1.0293
中文别名:1,3,7-三甲基黄嘌呤;无水咖啡碱;茶素;咖啡碱;茶精;
英文别名:1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-;Stim;No-Doz;trimethylxanthine;CAFFEIN;Miudol;3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione;Theine;Kofein;tirend;COFFEIN;THEIN;1,3,7-trimethylxanthine;Nodaca;
分子式:C8H10N4O2
分子量:194.191
精确质量:194.08
Psa:61.82
Logp:-1.0293
编号系统
MDL号:MFCD00005758
物化性质
外观与性状:白色柔韧有弱光的针状结晶,无臭,味苦。露置干燥空气中可风化,80℃全部失水,178℃升华。Mp235-237.5C,相对密度(d184)1.23。本品溶于氯仿(1:7)、水(1:60)、乙醇(1:130),易溶于稀酸,微溶于乙醚。水溶液对石蕊呈中性,与有机酸或其碱金属盐如苯甲酸钠、水杨酸钠、枸橼酸钠或桂皮酸钠等形成复盐,可加大水中的溶解度。中等毒,LD50(大鼠、经口) 260mg/kg。
密度:1.23
沸点:178°C
熔点:234-236.5°C(lit.)
闪点:178°C
水溶解性:20 g/L (20 ºC)
稳定性:Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, iodine, silver salts, tannins. Weakly light sensitive in solution.
储存条件:2-8°C
密度:1.23
沸点:178°C
熔点:234-236.5°C(lit.)
闪点:178°C
水溶解性:20 g/L (20 ºC)
稳定性:Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, iodine, silver salts, tannins. Weakly light sensitive in solution.
储存条件:2-8°C
安全信息
RTECS号:EV6475000
安全说明:S16; S36/37; S45
WGK Germany:1
危险类别码:R22; R25
海关编码:2939300010
危险品运输编码:UN 1544 6.1/PG 3
危险类别:6.1
包装等级:III
危险品标志:Xn; T
安全说明:S16; S36/37; S45
WGK Germany:1
危险类别码:R22; R25
海关编码:2939300010
危险品运输编码:UN 1544 6.1/PG 3
危险类别:6.1
包装等级:III
危险品标志:Xn; T
生产方法及用途
合成路线
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参考文献
Chemische Berichte, , vol. 114, # 8 p. 2844 - 2858
上游原料
下游产品
图谱
13C NMR : Predict
1H NMR : Predict
13C NMR : in CDCl3
1H NMR : 90 MHz in D2O
1H NMR : 90 MHz in CDCl3
1H NMR : in CDCl3
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
UV/Visible spectrum
IR : KBr disc
IR : nujol mull









